Poems for Chem

My New Nanny Friend

Mom and dad held a job interview
I must know “Who will be my new nanny?”
My former nannies’ ended in a skew
The last one left us, shielding her fanny

I always wondered why they left in a hurry
As I brought out my inventions from my toy chest
Rubber band shooter, amputator, ball burry
Despite that Mom told them my best asset was my zest (Maybe that’s why the kept coming)

I love target practice with my nanny
But she had reflexes of a granny (You’re too slow for me Nanny Mc Granny)
I had the right ammo, calculations
Speed, power, accuracy and patience…(Writing down results of target practice)

“Oh, Danny! Your new nanny’s here!” chirped Louise (mom)
“I’ll turn you into a man of science” (What’s this lady going to do to me?)
That was the line her lips danced to, Science
Chemistry, she’s now the Mac’ to my Cheese (She’s a ninja/scientist/college student at UP)

What Science is to Me

Science, a tool invented by man
Cocoa beans, hot cocoa, chocolate
Brings more meaning to my everyday
Wheat, grain, flour, dough, pasta, spaghetti

Hey look, those guys have some chemistry
Bloo Berry; Bloo Cheese; Moe, Larry & Shemp
A combination so new, Darlin’
Mary Kate & Ashley; Chip & Dale; Drake & Josh

Time saver, life saver, our solution
Alarm clock, seatbelt, Biogesic
Science takes me to my destination
Car, boat, airplane, jet, helicopter

New fields of study born to the world
Architecture, Medicine, Physics
Pass it on to your mates, be a friend
Making science work for you today

THE PASSIONATE SHEPHERD TO HIS LOVE

Mapa sa World History

A - Spain
B - France
C - Italy
D - Turkey
E - Lebanon
F - Greece
G - Saudi Arabia
H -India
I - Pacific Ocean
J -Atlantic Ocean
K - Indian Ocean
L - Mexico
M/N - Guatemala/Yucatan Peninsula
O - Iraq
P = Egypt
Q - Iran
R - Peru

Purple is the color for royalty XDDD

Fleur Delis - represents the royal house of the country where SPCP was originated XDD

Trigonometry comes from the terms 'Treis' meaning Triangle; 'Gonia' meaning Angle; 'Metron' meaning Measure.

Enjoy :D Study hard biSIXuals! XDD Last day na ng exams bkas XDDD please magbayad na yung mga Whis people :D

Chemistry 1st Qtr July 23-24

HOW ELECTRONS BEHAVE >:D

Nature of light

Christian Huygen (1629-1695)
-stated that light, like sound, is a wave motion

***

His idea met many opposite

***

> Sir Isaac Newton (1647-1727)
- one of the GIANTS in science who opposed the idea [lyt doz nut trabel n wabe mosyon >:( ]
- formulated his own particle theory of light

Isaac's Theory of Light :3
Light is a very small particle which travels in straight lines.
(Newtonian Theory of the Nature of Light)

> Maxwell (1864)
- predicted that an alternating current in a circuit would radiate energy in the form of ELECTROMAGNETIC waves travelling through vacuum at the speed of light

> Heinrich Hertz
- did a demo thru an experiment 'the electromagnetic nature of light' to confirm Maxwell's interpretation

Classical Idea:
I. light is a WAVE

nature of light

II. Quantum Nature of Light

Max Planck (1858-1947)
- radiation energy is not continuous
- occurs in PACKETS or PIECES

PACKETS - Quanta
PIECES - Quanta

Quanta Hypothesis:
- thought light was a particle

Photon - quantum of electromagnetic radiation

( the higher the energy the shorter the wave :D)

Albert Einstein
- applied the photon model of light to explain the PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT
- won the Nobel Prize for PHYSICS

DUALISM in Nature
behaviour of Light
1. Wave
2. Particle
each can explain one set of phenomena but is in compatible w/ the other set.

Louis de Broglie (1892-1987)
- proposed a dualistic nature of light to explain its behaviour
- to there is a relationship between frequency & energy of photons w/ the wave nature of radiations
- correlate the motion of each particle to a certain wave characterizes its wave properties
- won him a Nobel Prize

BOHR
- combined Rutherford's nuclear atom, Planck's quantum nature, Maxwell's wave model & Newton's Lay of motion
- formed 4 postulates

Postulates:
1. A hydrogen atom consists of a nucleus containing a proton & an electron
2. Only certain orbits are permitted
3. Energy of the e- in a given orbit is fined. As long as the electron stays in that orbit, it neither absorbs nor radiates energy. (stationary state/ground)
4. Electron may move from one stationary state to another (excited state x 3) to do so, it must absorb or emit a quantity of energy

Energy Levels in an Atom
Bohr proposed the energy levels based from the idea of Bohr who proposed that the movement of e- is analogous to the planets orbiting around the sun.
- orbits-> energy level

MAIN ENERGY LEVEL/SHELL
-> the orbits where the e-'s are located
n= 1,2,3,4,etc...
-> compared to a building, the nucleus being the basement and the high levels are the different shells :D
-> each level being greater than the previous

SUBSHELL/SUBLEVEL (s,p,d,f)
-> although a number of e-s may be found in the same main energy level, they may be found in different sublevels

Main Energy Level 1 is found in Subshell type 1s
MEL = 2 : ST = 2s,2p
MEL = 3 : ST = 3s, 3p, 3d
MEL = 4 : ST = 4s, 4p, 4d, 4f

ENERGY LEVELS IN AN ATOM
# of sublevels = assigned nos. for the main energy level


ORBITALS
-> region around the nucleus in which e-s will most likely be found
- rooms for electrons
- 1 orbital can only accommodate a max. number of 2 electrons

max. # of e-'s that can = 2n^2
occupy a level/shell
h=main energy level

How many electrons can occupy the 9th Main energy level?
2n^2 = 2(9)^2 = 2(81) = 162 electrons can occupy the 9th Main energy level
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++


JULY 24

PICTURING THE ELECTRON
- ground state configuration
(How electrons arrange/themselves in atoms)

WAY TO DESCRIBE THE ELECTRON DISTRIBUTION :D
1. Orbital Energy Diagram (OED)
2. Orbital Diagram Notation (ODN)
3. Electron Configuration (EC)
4. Nobel Gas Abbreviation
5. Shell Configuration

~~~~~****~~~~~
1. OED
-uses boxes and arrows and breaks down each subshell into individual ORBITALS and ENERGY

3 PRINCIPLES in filling up the ORBITALS

* Aufbau Principle*
- electrons are added one at a time starting at the orbital w/ the LOWEST energy (1s)

*Pauli's Exclusion Principle
- an orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons...

The up arrow represents the direction: clockwise; the down arrow is counter clockwise.

*Hund's Rule of Multiplicity
- electrons entering a sublevel containing more than one orbital will be spread out with their spins in the SAME direction so that electrons are distributed singly before they are paired.

Practice :)
show the orbital energy of diagram of F(z=9)

~~~~~****~~~~~
2. ODN
- uses boxes & arrows and breaks down each subshell into ORBITALS
- similar to OED except that the direction of increasing energy is from left to right

ex.
show the orbital diagram of NA (z=11)

Practice
He (z=2)

P(z=15)

O(z=8)

Cl(z=17)

N (z=7)

F(z=9)

S(z=16)

Rb(z=37)

~~~~~****~~~~~
3. EC
- uses letters and nos. & denotes only the TOTAL nos. of electrons in each subshell

2p^3

2 - principle energy level
p - represents the sublevel
3 - total nos. of electrons in sublevel

ex. Write the electron configuration of Na (z=11)
White the full EC of each of the ff:
He(z=2)

S(z=16)

P(z=15)

N(z=7)

O(z=8)

Cl(z=17)

~~~~~****~~~~~

Cr (z=24)
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^4

4s^2 -> 4s^1
3d^4 -> 3d^5

Cu (z=29)
1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^9

4s^2 -> 4s^1
3d^9 -> 3d^10

REASON
STABILITY:
Filled Orbital > Half-filled Orbital > Partially filled Orbital

Types of Electrons
1. Valence electrons (v.e.)
- e-'s in the outermost principal energy level/shell
- ones involved in the chemical reactions

2. CORe elctrons (c. e.)
- e-'s that don't participate in chemical reactions

Noble Gas Abbreviation
- shortcut way of writing....

World History June 23, 2008 1st Qtr

OTHER NEAR EASTERN PEOPLE

Hittites
> Indo-Europeans from Anatolia (rich in iron)
> conquered Babylon but didn't destroy it

1185 BC - destroyed by the Sea People
Information: Capital at Hattusas (Hittite City)

Misconceptions:
>Superiority due to Indo-European descend
> Monopoly of Iron

Kassites
> Non-semitic people who occupied Babylon
> Integreation into Babylonian culture

Assyrians -> hilly
> Semites (Assur) - never threatened by salinization -N. Tigris

Tiglath Pileser I fear & fright (Nineveh)

Tiglath Pileser III - conquest (loot, stole the loot)
>transformed army
>religious & military ideology (Ashur)
>centralized administration
>popular participation
>terror to evoke fear

* Asur - god - N. Tigris
Hills
Assyrians -> disunited (civil war)-> capital (unified) in Nineveh

Sannacherib - library @ Nineveh, aqueducts 200s, destroyed Babylon - crazy zoos

Hittites
Why'd Babylon fall to Hittites?
1. Salinization
2. Weak Alliances
3. New War Tech

Esarhaddon - rebuilt Babylon
Fall: (612 BC) Chaldean & Medes Alliances
Assurbanipal Chaldean -> New Babylonians -> built CAPITAL at Babylon

Nebuchadnezzar (fearful) (605-562 BC) - destroyed Jerusalem (Babylonian Exile) 586 BC
-> Tower of Babel (dedicated to God: Marduk/Elil), Hanging Gardens
539 BC - Cyrus of Persia -> Astrology (movement)

Hebrew

Abraham (worshipped El) from Mesopotamia (1900 BC)-> Canaan (1500 BC)Middle Kingdom -> Egypt -> Moses (Ramses II)
Joshua - Judges - Kings
> N: Israel (Samaria): 722 BC Assyrians
> S: Judah (Jerusalem): 586 BC Babylon
539 BC - Cyrus (Persian)
520-516 - Temple
332 BC - Alexander the Great
186 BC - Maccabean revolt
63 BC - Roman Occupation
70 - AD - Destruction of the Temple/Diaspora
-> Judaism
-> Deutoronomic Code
-> Literature (Old Testament)
-> Polytheism
-> Monolatry (Transcendental Theology)
-> Prophetic Revolution
-> Post - Exile/Eschatology

Abraham
- leader of the tribe in Mesopotamia
- moved from UR to Canaan
- loyal top god: EL
- has other children (insignificant)

Haggar/Haggai - helper/katulong ni Abraham
Their child: Ishmael (fathered by Abraham) - came fromt he Arabic people
Haggar and Ishmael were exiled to roam the desert

Sarah
- Abraham's wife
- (God: you will conceive a child) Isaac

IsaacxRebeccaxRachel
Sons of Isaac: Esau, Jacob

Jacob = Israel, inherited the birth right of Isaac

Jacob's song: Joseph

Moses
- freedom
- led people to the Exodus
- Sinai
- 10 commandments

#####################################################################################

Judges -> wise men
> prepared people for war
> led Israelites to Canaanites (occupied Philistines)

Samuel
-> one of the judges (Saul, who committed suicide)
-> designated the 1st King of Israel
-> designated David as 2nd King

El = Yahweh

Unified Kingdom
N. Israel - sent to Lebanon

Solomon
.wisest man of all.
.compromised w/ other kingdoms.
.many wives.
."Jerusalem" - capital (no rish resources)
.divided the kingdom - when he died

N & S kingdoms

North Kingdom - Israel
Capital: Samarian:
- intermarried other people
- impure-> Assyrians

South Kingdom - Judah
Capital: Jerusalem
- conquered by Babylonians
(Nebuchadnezzer) -> Babylonian exile/captivity

*************************************************************************************
Temple - destroyed by Babylonians
Alexander the Great conquered everything

Maccabean Revolt
-> Epiphanes Antiochus
- desicrated the temple
people = angry :D
(disrespected Judas Maccabas)

Romans = Roman Occupation
Legacies of Hebrew people
> Religion = Judaism
-> 1st among the monotheistic religions

Judaism - El = Yahweh (only god)
- transcendental
- god didn't operate w/ the nature
- Prophetic Revolution
* many prophets
- speaks in behalf of somebody/ god
....
live good lives
-> Eschatology
. started to believe in a Messiah = Savior Jesus

Phoenicians (Lebanon people)
- traders - Seamen -> port city: Carthage
- "sharers & carriers of Civilization
1) Cedar (wood)
vast forests
2) Export of glass
3) Export of purple dye

Cities of Phoenicians: -Tyre, Sidon

-Alphabet :D

Lydians (coins)
- adaptation of the coin
Rich as Croessus (man of many coins)
coin - made of precious metal

Persians (Iran)
- occupied parts of Mesopotamia
3 prominent leaders:
1) Cyrus
- conquered Babylonians
- built an empire that covers the near east up to Egypt

2) Darius
- extended it to India
- didn't occupy Greece

3) Xerxes
- didn't occupy Greece (he too big :)

Capital:
Persepolis
- where he governed the vast empire
- diplomatic

We owe them:
1) efficient administration
- deviced several methods
- postal system (Royal Road)
- 20 provinces - each w/ governor by the audited 'ears' & 'eyes'

Standards (common units) - weight, measurement, language
-> official Aramaic - language of Jesus Christ

2) religion: Zoroastrianism
prophet: Zoro Aster
god: Ahura Mazda (god of Light) vs. Ahriman (God of Darkness)
-> Holy Book: Zend - Avesta
- live ethical good lives

Physical Education III July 14, 2008 1st Qtr

BASIC RULES OF VOLLEYBALL
1) All games should be played in two out three sets or three out of five sets
2) There are six active players inside the court
3) The team may decided to have/enlist a libero in their entry form the Libero should have uniform different from the players

A. The LIBERO is restricted to perform as a backplayer (1,6,5) and has no right at all to complete an attack hit when the ball is above the height of the top of the net

4) Rally point scoring system - when one receiving team winning a rally scores a point when the receiving team wins a rally, the team has the right to serve and its players rotate one position clockwise.
5) Playing formula - a set (except the deciding 5th set) is won by the team which first scored 25 points with a minimum lead of 2 points. In the case of a 24-24 tie, play is continued until a 2 point lead is achieved. The 5th set is still played to 15 points.
6) During set 1-4, there are 2 'technical-timeouts' per set, each lasting 90 seconds. They are applied automatically when the leading team first reaches 8 points and 16 points.
7) The server must hit the ball within 8 seconds after the 1st referee whistles.
8) For misconduct behavior - the opponent scored 1 point and takes the right to serve

Yellow card - warning
Red card - expulsion
Yellow & Red cards - disqualification

9) A team is allowed to hit the ball three (3) times only and a player is not allowed to hit the ball twice consecutively

OFFICIALS of the GAME
1) First Referee (standing on a referee's stand)
> has authority over all officials
> directs the match from the start until the end
> His decisions are final
> performs the coin toss with team captains
> has the right to sanction misconducts & delays

2) Second Referee/Umpire (Standing at the post on the opposite side and facing the 1st referee)
> should the 1st referee unable to continue his work, he may replace him
> he controls the number of time-out & substitutions
> He takes charge of the penetration into the opponent's court under the net (crossing the centerline)

3) Scorer (seated on the scorer's table)
> He keeps the official score sheet and cooperates with 2nd referee
> He records the numbers and names of the players, score, time-outs, substitutions, sanctions, warnings, & penalties

4) Linesmen (they stand at the corners of the court from the service area)
> they control the endlines and the sidelines
> they signal the ball 'IN' and 'OUT'

BASIC SKILLS
> overhead
> underhead serve
> forearm serve
> set
> jump set
> dig pass
> spike
> block

Christian Living III July 17, 2008 1st Qtr

Eucharist & the Basic Prayers

Sacred Scriptures
Isaiah 29:13

Prayer - must be accompanied by the spirit of service, justice, and concern for the welfare of others.

What are the Basic Christian Prayers?
> Apostle's Creed
> Lord's Prayer
> Hail Mary
> Glory be

Where do you think these prayers came from?
BIBLE

What are the 2 kinds of prayer?
1 Spontaneous
2 Formula

1 Formula Prayer
> rooted in the Sacred Scriptures and the Tradition of the Church
> contains the basic doctrines of our faith

Church Teaching: CFC 1480
"Authentic prayer is always rooted in the heart, and related to the neighbor in loving compassion & service


The Eucharist is the highest form of prayer and worship to God.

FULL CONSCIOUS ACTIVE PARTICIPATION


Basic Elements of a Shared Meal
1. Coming Together
2. dialog
3. Sharing of food & drink

2 Spontaneous
> We use our own words
> comes from our heat
> it expresses freely what we want to say
> Pattern
A - adoration
C - contrition
T - thanksgiving
S - supplication
O - offering

Established Parts of the Mass
> Introductory Rite
> Liturgy of the Word
> Liturgy of the Eucharist
> Communion Rite
> Concluding Rite

VESSELS

CHALICE
- most sacred of all vessels
- the cup which holds the wine for consecration
- after consecration, it contains the precious BLOOD of JESUS

CIBORIUM
- used to hold the small hosts distributed for the communion of the faithful
- resembles the chalice, except it has cover

PATEN
- small plate on which the host is laid. It is made to fit the chalice

CRUETS (water & wine)
- are the vessels from which the acolyte pours water & wine into the chalice held by the celebrant

INCENSE (+incense boat)
- a perfume burned on certain occasions, as at high Mass and benediction
- symbol of prayer

MONSTRANCE or OSTENSORIUM
- the larger metal container used for exposition and benediction of the blessed Sacrament

MISSAL
- contains prayer, ceremonies

PYX
- container of big HOST

LINEN

CORPORAL
- the square of fine linen w/ a small cross worked int he center

PALL
- a small square piece of linen starched stiff, used to cover the chalice

PURIFICATOR
- an oblong piece of linen, folded thrice, placed over the chalice
- wipe the inside of the CHALICE before putting in the wine and after the ABLUTION; he also wipes his mouth with it after the ablution

VESTMENTS (stole, white, green, purple, red, black)

STOLE
- long silk band that fits around the neck and crossed on the breast of the priest

CHUSABLE
- upper most vestment worn by the celebrant at mass

AMICE
- a piece of white linen cloth within covers the priest's shoulders

ALB
- a white linen tunic which envelopes the priest's whole body

CINCTURE
- the chord that fastens the alb at the waist

MANIPLE
- a short narrow strip of cloth which hangs from the left arm


LITURGICAL COLORS

WHITE
- worn during Christmastide and Easter time, on the feasts of our Lord and the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Angels and Confessors

GREEN
- throughout the year,from the 14th January till the ever of Septuagesima Sunday, from Monday after Trinity Sunday till the eve of the 1st Sunday of Advent

RED
- used at Pentecost in commemoration of the descent of the Holy, in the form of tongues of fire
- used on the feasts of the Apostles and Martyrs, feasts commemorating the Passion of our Lord and the sacred relics
PURPLE
- worn during Advent and Lent, as well as on Rogation Days, on Ember months except those on Pentecost octave and on the 4 vigils of the feasts of the Assumption, St. John the Baptist, St. Pete and Paul and St. Lawrence

=====================================================================================

MAJOR PARTS of the MASS

INTRODUCTORY RITE
> entrance/ song anticipation
> greeting
> penitential rite
> kyrie, gloria
Opening Prayer

LITURGY OF THE WORD
> Readings
- 1st reading => Ordinary Time
- 2nd reading => New Time
- Gospel => Gospel (4)
> Responsorial Psalm
- allows us to use the words of scripture to respond to God's word to us
> Gospel Acclamation
> Homily
-living explanation of the world
- should be like a 'mini-skirt', short enough to be interesting, but long enough to cover the substance.
> Intercession (Prayers of the Faithful)
sequence: for the needs of the CHURCH, PUBLIC AUTHORITIES, and SALVATION of the WORLD, OPPRESSED by any NEED and LOCAL COMMUNITY

LITURGY of the EUCHARIST
> Preparation of GIFTS
> Prayer over the gifts
> Eucharistic Prayer
- Narrative of the Institution
- Anamnesis (memorial)
- Oblation (offertory)
- Communion Epiclesis
- Intercession
- Doxology
> Thanksgiving (Sanctus)
Consecratory Epiclesis
-> invocation for the HS

COMMUNION RITES
1. Our Father - a prayer for forgiveness

2. Rite of Peace

3. Breaking of thr Bread
a. Breaking of the Bread
b. Agnus Dei - an invocation to Christ
c. Commingling - dropping of a small particle form the bread to the chalice

4. Communion Prayer
a. Prayer before communion, showing of the host
b. Communion Prayer
c. Post - Communion Prayer

5. Concluding Rites
a. blessing
b. Solemn Dismissal
Missa - mass, other interpretation 'to send', 'to dismiss'

Purposes of the Mass
. adore God
. thank God
. ask for God's blessings
. ask God's pardon for our sins